I think social capital is best understood when it is broken down into two parts. First what is being social, what is the purpose behind being social? The polite interaction between people or groups of people, and the purpose or goal those people hope to gain from that interaction relates back to capital. The kind of capital a person might gain from social interaction is a connectedness or tie that positively recommends a strengthening of that tie. A businessman may be “social” at a party in order to impress upon their boss that they interact well with other people. The boss may then translate their ability to function well with people at a party, to functioning well with them in a working environment, and in turn promote them to a higher position. The idea behind this being that social capital is all about gain and or loss. Gain friends, gain respect, gain status that sets you above others, or mistreat your friends, lose respect and lower your social status; in return the person receives a position within the different communities they belong which correlates with that manipulated social image. Capitalism functions upon this cycle of giving and receiving something that reciprocates what you gave. In the preface to her book, Social Capital, Nan Lin defines capital as “resources twice processed”. She finds that “capital is captured in social relations and that its capture evokes structural constraints and opportunities as well as actions and choices on the part of the actors.”
Dr. Carroll asked us to define what community is. Community is a word that everyone seems to understand but which is simultaneously difficult to pin down because the definition of what exactly community is can vary widely from person to person.
For the past week I began tackling this question by contemplating what communities I consider myself to be a part of; Berry College, Facebook, my job in the telecom office, St. Peter’s Episcopal and Good Shepherd Lutheran Church. But, in fact, my personal definition of community extends from friend groups to the town I’ve lived in for the past 8 years. Each one of these communities thrive off of the varying facets which make up my life, and I identify with them each within the distinct contexts of these facets. Initially, the fact that I am able to identify with another member of any given group allows me to feel as though I too am a member. I see myself as a part of that community.
I have a group of friends who I periodically hang out with who I met (for the most part) on my hall, freshman year of college. I formed a community network with these people because we were all experiencing the same kind of personal growth and adapting to a new environment. The concept of networking is very important in order to understand community. The people within the community must be able to network, or concretely contact other members of that community. All the people from my freshman hall are still friends because we are able to communicate with one another without feeling too constrained or awkward. The network of trust and the ability to share thoughts with one another after two years, knits us together as a community.
However, the community I have with this group of friends is something that I identify with separately than the Berry College community I believe I am a part of. This community is more constrained by social conventions. While I would feel ridiculous running up to a random person on Berry campus and crying about my dog dying, I have no problem doing this to someone from my freshman hall, but I still feel a sense of community with the random Berry College student and my old next door dorm neighbor.
When I studied abroad last fall in England I happened to meet a English student at my Uni who had not only heard of Berry College, but been a member of Winshape for two summers. This was quite unexpected, but I felt a bond with this person and a sense of community because we had something in common to talk about. This person knew where I was coming from and I knew where they had been. We networked, we connected.
Community, I believe, boils down to connecting with a group of people through social interaction, and being able to network with other people within that group of people on a more intimate level than you would a passing stranger. Sometimes communities can be very casual, such as Facebook, while other communities are tied to you on a more personal level. I think this term is constantly morphing however, and can not be truly pinned down to one strict definition.
that is all – elizabeth
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